Meningitis bacteriana care guide information en espanol. Neonatal meningitis is a serious medical condition in infants that is rapidly fatal if untreated. Primary amebic meningoencephalitis pam is a rare brain infection that is usually fatal and caused by naegleria fowleri. Revision bibliografica meningitis bacteriana y viral scielo. If you have any concerns or questions our membership and support team are here to help. The pathogens take advantage of the specific features of the immune system in the cns, replicate and induce inflammation. Meningitis bacteriana aguda enfermedades cerebrales. The epidemiology of bacterial meningitis will change with introduction of meningococcal and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in the african meningitis belt. Meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes of the central nervous system, is more common in the neonatal period infants less than 44 days old than any other time in life, and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality globally. This axial nonenhanced computed tomography scan shows mild ventriculomegaly and sulcal effacement. The manuals are committed to making the best current medical information accessible by up to 3 billion health care professionals and patients on every continent by 2020. Meningitis bacteriana es causado por bacteria como haemophilus, streptococcus or neisseria meningitidis. Meningitis is an infection of the meninges, the membrane covering the brain. Meningitis bacteriana aguda revista medica clinica las.
Since 1980s, the most common cases of bm in the united states, europe and many other developed countries have been caused by neisseria meningitidis nm, streptococcus pneumoniae spn, haemophilus influenzae type b hib, group b streptococcus, and. The most common symptoms are fever, headache, and neck stiffness. Meningite bacteriana aguda como doenca ocupacional, acta med port 2014 julaug. The image below depicts acute bacterial meningitis. The manuals, known as the merck manuals in the united states and canada and msd manuals outside the united states and canada, are one of the worlds most widely used medical information resources. Clinical practice guideline summary clinical practice guidelines for the acute management of infants and children with bacterial meningitis. Meningitis is an acute inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, known collectively as the meninges.
Usefulness of blood and cerebrospinal fluid laboratory. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Pediatric bacterial meningitis is a lifethreatening illness that results from bacterial infection of the meninges and leaves some survivors with significant sequelae. Other symptoms include confusion or altered consciousness, vomiting, and an inability to tolerate light or loud noises. Pathophysiology and treatment of bacterial meningitis.
Management of bacterial meningitis clinical practice guideline local protocols are in place in all hospitals and facilities likely to be required to assess or manage paediatric patients with bacterial meningitis ensure that all staff treating paediatric patients are educated in the use of the locally developed paediatric protocols. They listen to the issues faced by someone struggling with the impact of. The outcome of bacterial meningitis in children is related to the initial antimicrobial therapy s namani, r koci, k dedushi the turkish journal of pediatrics 52 4, 354, 2010. Meningitis bacteriana meningitis especialidades medicas. Meningitis is, in the majority of the cases, a consequence of a preceding bacteremia with encapsulated strains. Pdf a prospective study of risk factors for neurological. Meningitis and septicaemia can kill and disable in hours. Pdf meningite bacteriana aguda como doenca ocupacional. Meningitis bacteriana in the 86 th legislature, hb 3884 required dshs to create procedures for school districts to provide information relating to bacterial meningitis to students and parents. Bacterial meningitis can be caused by multiple organisms. In 20 meningitis resulted in 303,000 deaths down from 464,000 deaths in 1990. Infectious diseases clinic, university clinical center of kosovo, medical faculty, university of prishtina.
Bacterial meningitis bm is a severe disease and still represents a serious public health problem with high rates of morbidity and mortality 1. Bacterial meningitis is very serious because its onset is rapid and the infection is associated with a significant risk of death. Young children often exhibit only nonspecific symptoms, such as. A prospective study of risk factors for neurological. In 2010 it was estimated that meningitis resulted in 420,000 deaths, excluding cryptococcal meningitis. Bacterial meningitis is an inflammation of the meninges, in particular the arachnoid and the pia mater, associated with the invasion of bacteria into the subarachnoid space, principles known for more than 100 years flexner, 1907. Meningitis is an inflammatory disease of the leptomeninges causing characteristic changes in the cerebrospinal fluid csf.
Jul 16, 2019 meningitis is a clinical syndrome characterized by inflammation of the meninges. Introduction bacterial meningitis is a medical emergency, and immediate steps must be taken to establish the specific cause and initiate effective therapy. It is usually associated with a poor prognosis, reaching approximately 90% of mortality. Naegleria fowleri is a freeliving ameba a singlecelled living organism that is too small to be seen without a microscope. Conjugate vaccine introduction in the african meningitis. Nov 01, 2004 in one study of 78 patients with acute meningitis in which csf lactate concentrations of 4.
Practice guidelines for the management of bacterial meningitis. Patients with bacterial meningitis are usually treated by primary care and emergency medicine physicians at the time of initial presentation, often in consultation with infectious diseases specialists, neurologists, and neurosurgeons. Although the reasons for this association are incompletely understood, bacterial agents that cause meningitis tend to express a surface structures mimicking structures and epitopes on human cells and. Download as ppt, pdf, txt or read online from scribd. The principal objectives of surveillance are to evaluate the impact of vaccination, to detect and.
Attributes of good guidelines include validity, reliability, reproducibility, clinical applicability, clinical flexibility, clarity, multidisciplinary process. The objective of these practice guidelines is to provide clinicians with recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of bacterial meningitis. Jan 16, 2019 pediatric bacterial meningitis is a lifethreatening illness that results from bacterial infection of the meninges and leaves some survivors with significant sequelae. Meningitis bacteriana aguda revista medica clinica las condes. Conjugate vaccine introduction in the african meningitis belt. Although meningitis is a notifiable disease in many countries, the exact incidence rate is unknown. Practice guidelines are systematically developed statements to assist practitioners and patients in making decisions about appropriate health care for specific clinical circumstances. Common predisposing factors for gramnegative bacillary meningitis include. The mortality rate of untreated disease due to streptococcus pneumoniae and haemophilus influenzae approaches 100 percent, and even with optimal therapy, it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Communityacquired bacterial meningitis in adults in the. Although it may be caused by autoimmune alterations or physical processes after chemotherapy or radiotherapy, the most frequent aetiology is infectious, especially viral infection, which accounts for up to 80% of cases.
104 536 1375 1088 1607 1232 553 975 381 976 137 1009 1596 73 1393 1281 736 1448 1293 680 1586 1651 722 401 1135 623 816 588 138 215 328 1259 1266